Resumen Introducción. La rentabilidad del sistema de doble propósito (SDP) está afectada por baja eficiencia productiva y altos costos de producción generados en el manejo tradicional. Estudios en función de la reducción de costos e incremento de los ingresos, podría sugerir estrategias para mejorar la eficiencia económica. Objetivo. Determinar la eficiencia técnica y rentabilidad de tres alternativas de producción del SDP bovino en Meta, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se llevó a cabo durante el periodo 2016-2017, en una finca del departamento de Meta, Colombia. Se seleccionaron 72 vacas Bos taurus x Bos indicus, que iniciaban lactancia, alimentadas bajo pastoreo, las vacas seleccionadas y sus crías se distribuyeron en tres grupos: alternativa 1 (MA1): ordeño dos veces por semana hasta el destete a 100 días, alternativa 2 (MA2): ordeño dos veces por semana hasta el destete a 240 días y alternativa 3 (MT): ordeño diario (tradicional), hasta el destete a 240 días. En los terneros se midió el peso al nacimiento y a los 252 días de vida (P252), y se estimó la ganancia de peso diaria (GPD). En las vacas se midió la tasa de terneros nacidos por vaca/año (TN) y la leche producida por lactancia (LPL). Para el análisis económico, los resultados en cada tratamiento se proyectaron para un pie de cría de 100 vacas. Resultados. El P252 y la GPD de los grupos MA1 (189,30 kg; 0,64 kg/animal/día) y MA2 (186,10 kg; 0,63 kg/animal/día) fue similar (p>0,05), pero superiores (p<0,05) a los del MT (155,10 kg; 0,54 kg/animal/día). La TN fue mayor para MA1 (0,84 terneros/vaca/año), seguida por la del MA2 (0,74 terneros/vaca/año) y MT (0,68 terneros/vaca/año). La LPL fue de 1204,36 kg para MT, 303,74 kg para MA2 y 158,75 kg para MA1. La rentabilidad de MA1 superó en 9,5 y 9,2 % a MA2 y MT, respectivamente. Conclusiones. El ordeño dos veces por semana hasta el destete (MA1) reflejó mayor eficiencia económica por efecto del incremento en la tasa de terneros nacidos por vaca/año (TN) y disminución en los costos de producción.

Abstract Introduction. The profitability of the dual-purpose system (DPS) is affected by low production efficiency and high production costs generated in traditional management. Studies based on the reduction of expenses and increase of income, could suggest strategies to improve economic efficiency. Objective. Determine the technical and profitable efficiency of three production alternatives for bovine DPS in Meta, Colombia. Materials and methods. The study was conducted during 2016-2017, on a farm in the department of Meta, Colombia. Seventy-two Bos taurus x Bos indicus cows were selected, starting lactation, fed under grazing, during the period 2016-2017, in a farm in Meta, Colombia. The selected cows and their calves were distributed in three groups; alternative 1 (MA1): milking 2 times a week until weaning at 100 days, alternative 2 (MA2): milking 2 times a week until weaning at 240 days, and traditional (MT): milking daily (traditional) until weaning at 240 days. In the calves, the weight at birth and at 252 days of age (W252) were measured, and the daily weight gain (DWG) was estimated. In the cows, the birth rate (BR) and the milk produced per lactation (MPL) were measured. The productive response fed the economic analysis projected for a breeding stock of 100 cows. Results. The W252 and DWG between MA1 (189.30 kg; 0.64 kg/animal/day) and MA2 (186.10 kg; 0.63 kg/animal/day) groups were similar (P>0.05), but higher (p<0.05) than those of the MT (155.10 kg; 0.54 kg/animal/day). BR presented the highest benefit for MA1 (0.84 calves/cow/year), followed by MA2 (0.74 calves/cow/year), and MT (0.68 calves/cow/year). The MPL was 1204.36 kg for MT, 303.74 kg for MA2 and 158.75 kg for MA1. MA1's profitability outperformed MA2 and MT by 9.5 and 9.2 %, respectively. Conclusions. The MA1 reflected the greater economic efficiency mainly due to the effect of the increase in the BR and the decrease in production costs.

Resumo Trata-se de um artigo original que aborda a força de trabalho (FT) em saúde no Brasil, suas comorbidades e alterações da saúde mental na pandemia da COVID-19. O estudo conduzido pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz coletou dados por meio de questionário on-line com um total de 36.612 participantes: profissionais de saúde (PS, formação de nível superior), e trabalhadores invisíveis (TI, nível técnico). A prevalência de comorbidades no Brasil foi de 26,1% e 23,9%, a maior foi hipertensão arterial (27,4% e 31,9%), seguida da obesidade (18,4% e 15,1%), doenças crônicas respiratórias (15,7% e 12,9%), diabetes mellitus (10,3% e 10,4%), e depressão/ansiedade (9,1% e 11,7%), nos PS e TI, respectivamente. A região com maior frequência foi a sudeste onde concentra-se o maior contingente de trabalhadores. A FT acometida com alta carga de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e exposta ao SARS-CoV-2, torna-se vulnerável para o adoecimento e morte. Sintomas mentais e intenso sofrimento psíquico foram relatados. Os resultados deste estudo nos permitem estimar o impacto na saúde física e mental, e nas condições de vida e de trabalho da FT. A saúde e a vida dos trabalhadores, protagonistas no enfrentamento dos desafios da pandemia, são prioridade nas políticas públicas.

Abstract This is an original article that addresses the healthcare workforce (HW) in Brazil, as well as comorbidities and mental health changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation and collected data through an online questionnaires from a total of 36,612 participants, health professionals (HP, with higher education level), and invisible healthcare workers (IHW, with a technical mid-level education). The overall prevalence of comorbidities in Brazil was 26.1% and 23.9%; the highest was arterial hypertension (27.4% and 31.9%), followed by obesity (18.4% and 15.1%), chronic respiratory diseases (15.7% and 12.9%), diabetes mellitus (10.3% and 10.4%), and depression/anxiety (9.1% and 11.7%), in the HW and IHW, respectively. The region with the highest frequency was the southeast, where the largest contingent of workers is located. The HW, affected with a high burden of non-communicable chronic diseases and exposed to SARS-CoV-2, proved to be vulnerable to illness and death. Mental symptoms and intense psychological suffering have been reported. These results allow us to estimate the impacts upon physical and mental health, as well as upon living and working conditions of the HW. The health and life of workers, leading role in facing health challenges of the pandemic, are a high priority in public policies.

Abstract This is an original article that addresses the healthcare workforce (HW) in Brazil, as well as comorbidities and mental health changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation and collected data through an online questionnaires from a total of 36,612 participants, health professionals (HP, with higher education level), and invisible healthcare workers (IHW, with a technical mid-level education). The overall prevalence of comorbidities in Brazil was 26.1% and 23.9%; the highest was arterial hypertension (27.4% and 31.9%), followed by obesity (18.4% and 15.1%), chronic respiratory diseases (15.7% and 12.9%), diabetes mellitus (10.3% and 10.4%), and depression/anxiety (9.1% and 11.7%), in the HW and IHW, respectively. The region with the highest frequency was the southeast, where the largest contingent of workers is located. The HW, affected with a high burden of non-communicable chronic diseases and exposed to SARS-CoV-2, proved to be vulnerable to illness and death. Mental symptoms and intense psychological suffering have been reported. These results allow us to estimate the impacts upon physical and mental health, as well as upon living and working conditions of the HW. The health and life of workers, leading role in facing health challenges of the pandemic, are a high priority in public policies.

Resumo Trata-se de um artigo original que aborda a força de trabalho (FT) em saúde no Brasil, suas comorbidades e alterações da saúde mental na pandemia da COVID-19. O estudo conduzido pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz coletou dados por meio de questionário on-line com um total de 36.612 participantes: profissionais de saúde (PS, formação de nível superior), e trabalhadores invisíveis (TI, nível técnico). A prevalência de comorbidades no Brasil foi de 26,1% e 23,9%, a maior foi hipertensão arterial (27,4% e 31,9%), seguida da obesidade (18,4% e 15,1%), doenças crônicas respiratórias (15,7% e 12,9%), diabetes mellitus (10,3% e 10,4%), e depressão/ansiedade (9,1% e 11,7%), nos PS e TI, respectivamente. A região com maior frequência foi a sudeste onde concentra-se o maior contingente de trabalhadores. A FT acometida com alta carga de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e exposta ao SARS-CoV-2, torna-se vulnerável para o adoecimento e morte. Sintomas mentais e intenso sofrimento psíquico foram relatados. Os resultados deste estudo nos permitem estimar o impacto na saúde física e mental, e nas condições de vida e de trabalho da FT. A saúde e a vida dos trabalhadores, protagonistas no enfrentamento dos desafios da pandemia, são prioridade nas políticas públicas.

Resumen El estudio rastrea los elementos históricos que han influido en el desarrollo del pensamiento político-crítico en la psicología colombiana. Se identifican y discuten cuatro periodos históricos: el colonialismo intelectual de la psicología colombiana (1947-1960); la psiquiatría social en los años de La Comisión (1961-1980); la psicología comunitaria y la convivencia (1980-1991); y, finalmente, los estudios psicosociales tras los recientes procesos de paz entre el Gobierno y los grupos armados (1991-2018). La psicología política colombiana no siguió un desarrollo homogéneo y lineal. La realidad vivida por los colombianos durante más de cinco décadas de conflicto armado exigió que la psicología abandonara los caminos directos de la política y optara por los estudios psicosociales que prometen ser los herederos más radicales de una generación de pensamiento crítico latinoamericano representada por Ignacio Martín-Baró, Maritza Montero y Silvia Lane.

Abstract The study traces the historical elements that have influenced the development of political-critical thinking in Colombian Psychology. Four historical periods have been identified and discussed: The intellectual colonialism of Colombian Psychology (1947-1960); the social Psychiatry in the years of La comisión [The commission] (1961-1980); the community Psychology and the coexistence (1980-1991); and the psychosocial studies after recent peace processes between government and armed groups (1991-2018). Colombian political Psychology did not follow a homogeneous and linear development. The reality experienced by Colombians during more than five decades of armed conflict required Psychology to abandon the direct paths of politics and opt for psychosocial studies that promise to be the most radical heirs of a generation of Latin American critical thinking as represented by Ignacio Martín-Baró, Maritza Montero and Silvia Lane.

Resumen: Se presenta un segundo estudio que analiza la factibilidad de implementación de proyectos de generación con energías limpias en diferentes zonas del Ecuador. Se propone una planta fotovoltaica de 130,24 MW para abastecer la demanda energética proyectada de la provincia de Chimborazo, para 13 años. Se analizó varias zonas, el recurso solar, las normativas vigentes y los componentes del diseño. Se evaluó aspectos financieros y ambientales con el software RETScreen Expert, determinándose rentabilidad de 163,65 % a 784,90 % para la comercialización de la energía según la regulación del CONELEC 004/11. Se proyecta cubrir una demanda de 195,74 GWh a un costo máximo de generación de 0,063 USD/kWh, que es el 9,16 % menor al estimado en proyectos similares. La propuesta es 8,52 veces la capacidad mínima instalada de los proyectos hidroeléctricos provinciales. Su implementación aportaría al desarrollo de la matriz productiva y seria la mayor planta de generación eléctrica de la región.

Abstract: A second study is presented that analyzes the feasibility of implementing clean energy generation projects in different areas of Ecuador. A photovoltaic plant of 130,24 MW is proposed to supply the projected energy demand of the province of Chimborazo for 13 years. Several regions, the solar resource, current regulations, and design components were analyzed. Financial and environmental aspects were evaluated with the RETScreen Expert software, determining profitability from 163.65% to 784.90% for energy commercialization according to the CONELEC 004/11 regulation. It is projected to cover a demand of 195.74 GWh at a maximum generation cost of 0.063 USD/kWh, which is 9.16% lower tan estimated in similar projects. The proposal is 8,52 times the minimum installed capacity of provincial hydroelectric projects. Its implementation would contribute to the development of the productive matrix and would be the largest electricity generation plant in the region.

ABSTRACT Objectives. To ascertain whether and how working as a partnership of two World Health Organization collaborating centres (WHOCCs), based respectively in the Global North and Global South, can add insights on “what works to protect healthcare workers (HCWs) during a pandemic, in what contexts, using what mechanism, to achieve what outcome”. Methods. A realist synthesis of seven projects in this research program was carried out to characterize context (C) (including researcher positionality), mechanism (M) (including service relationships) and outcome (O) in each project. An assessment was then conducted of the role of the WHOCC partnership in each study and overall. Results. The research found that lower-resourced countries with higher economic disparity, including South Africa, incurred greater occupational health risk and had less acceptable measures to protect HCWs at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic than higher-income more-equal counterpart countries. It showed that rigorously adopting occupational health measures can indeed protect the healthcare workforce; training and preventive initiatives can reduce workplace stress; information systems are valued; and HCWs most at-risk (including care aides in the Canadian setting) can be readily identified to trigger adoption of protective actions. The C-M-O analysis showed that various ways of working through a WHOCC partnership not only enabled knowledge sharing, but allowed for triangulating results and, ultimately, initiatives for worker protection. Conclusions. The value of an international partnership on a North-South axis especially lies in providing contextualized global evidence regarding protecting HCWs as a pandemic emerges, particularly with bi-directional cross-jurisdiction participation by researchers working with practitioners.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Determinar si la asociación de dos centros colaboradores de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, ubicados uno en el hemisferio norte y el otro en el hemisferio sur, puede aportar información sobre “qué es necesario para proteger a los trabajadores de salud durante una pandemia, en qué contextos, con qué mecanismos, con el objetivo de lograr qué resultados”. Métodos. Se realizó una síntesis realista de siete proyectos en este programa de investigación para caracterizar el contexto (C) (incluida la posición del investigador), el mecanismo (M) (incluidas las relaciones de servicio) y el resultado (R) en cada proyecto. A continuación, se realizó una evaluación del papel que desempeñó la alianza de centros colaboradores de la OMS en términos generales y en cada estudio. Resultados. En la investigación se encontró que los países de escasos recursos con mayor disparidad económica, como Sudáfrica, incurrieron en un mayor riesgo para la salud ocupacional y tenían medidas menos aceptables para proteger a los trabajadores de salud al inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19 que los países homólogos de mayores ingresos y mayor equidad. Se de mostró que la adopción rigurosa de medidas de salud ocupacional puede proteger al personal de salud; la capacitación y las iniciativas preventivas pueden reducir el estrés en el lugar de trabajo; los sistemas de información se consideran valiosos; y los trabajadores de salud de mayor riesgo (como los asistentes de atención en el entorno canadiense) pueden identificarse con facilidad para la adopción de medidas de protección. El análisis de C-M-R mostró que las diferentes formas de trabajar por medio de una alianza de centros colaboradores de la OMS no solo facilitaron el intercambio de conocimientos, sino que además permitieron triangular los resultados y, en última instancia, las iniciativas para la protección de los trabajadores. Conclusiones. El valor de una alianza internacional radica especialmente en proporcionar evidencia mundial contextualizada sobre la protección de los trabajadores de salud cuando surge una situación de pandemia, particularmente con la participación bidireccional entre distintas jurisdicciones de investigadores que trabajan con el personal de salud.

RESUMO Objetivo. Determinar se, e como, o trabalho em parceria entre dois centros colaboradores da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), localizados no Norte e no Sul global, pode contribuir com conhecimento sobre “o que é eficaz para proteger os trabalhadores da saúde em uma pandemia, em que contextos, com que mecanismos e para obter quais resultados”. Métodos. Foi realizada uma síntese realista de sete projetos de pesquisa do programa da OMS para determinar o contexto (C) (incluindo a posicionalidade dos pesquisadores), o mecanismo (M) (incluindo as relações entre os serviços) e o resultado (O, do inglês outcome) de cada projeto e avaliar o papel da parceria entre os centros colaboradores em cada estudo e em geral. Resultados. Este estudo demonstrou que, nos países de baixa renda com maior desigualdade econômica (por exemplo, na África do Sul), o risco à saúde ocupacional foi maior e as medidas adotadas para proteger os trabalhadores da saúde na pandemia de COVID-19 foram menos adequadas em comparação ao observado em países comparáveis de alta renda com menor desigualdade. Verificou-se que a adoção rigorosa de medidas de saúde ocupacional efetivamente protege os trabalhadores da saúde, e que iniciativas de prevenção e capacitação dos profissionais reduzem o estresse no trabalho. Também se reconhece a importância dos sistemas de informação e que o pessoal com maior risco de exposição ao vírus (incluindo os cuidadores auxiliares, no caso do Canadá) pode ser prontamente identificado para que sejam adotadas medidas de proteção. A análise do tipo C-M-O indicou que as diferentes formas de trabalho em parceria entre os centros colaboradores possibilitaram não apenas dividir conhecimentos, mas também compartilhar resultados e, sobretudo, iniciativas para a proteção dos trabalhadores da saúde. Conclusões. A parceria internacional no eixo Norte-Sul é particularmente importante para obter evidências globais contextualizadas relativas à proteção dos trabalhadores da saúde em uma situação de pandemia, com a participação bidirecional entre foros de pesquisadores que trabalham com o pessoal da saúde.

Abstract European hedgehogs, Erinaceus europaeus (Linnaeus, 1758), are small mammals found in western Europe and also in parts of northern Europe. They can be seen in rural, suburban and urban areas, but are usually found in grassland with edge habitats. These animals are omnivorous and serve as definitive or paratenic hosts for several parasites, including acanthocephalans (phylum Acanthocephala). During necropsy of a European hedgehog, a single adult parasite was collected from the intestinal lumen and preserved in 70% ethanol. After morphological evaluation of the specimen, it was identified as Moniliformis cestodiformis (von Linstow, 1904) (Acanthocephala: Moniliformidae). This is the first report of M. cestodiformis in a European hedgehog, as well as in Europe. More epidemiological studies need to be carried out to map the location and prevalence of this parasite in Portugal and the European continent.

Resumo Os ouriços, Erinaceus europaeus (Linnaeus, 1758), são pequenos mamíferos que se localizam na Europa ocidental e também em regiões do Norte da Europa. Eles podem ser avistados em áreas rurais, suburbanas e urbanas, mas são geralmente encontrados no campo no limite daqueles hábitats. São animais omnívoros e servem de hospedeiros definitivos ou paratênicos de muitos parasitas, incluindo acantocéfalos (filo Acanthocephala). Durante a necropsia de um ouriço, um exemplar adulto acantocéfalo foi recolhido do lúmen intestinal e preservado em etanol a 70%. Depois de uma avaliação morfológica desse exemplar, este foi identificado como Moniliformis cestodiformis (von Linstow, 1904) (Acanthocephala: Moniliformidae). Esta é a primeira referência de M. cestodiformis num ouriço, assim como na Europa. Mais estudos epidemiológicos necessitam ser realizados, para localizar este parasita e calcular a sua prevalência em Portugal e no continente europeu.

Resumen Reportamos el primer registro de la serpiente Geophis lorancai para el estado mexicano de Oaxaca. La especie se conocía previamente solamente de las localidades tipo en la Sierra de Zongolica en Veracruz y la Sierra de Quimixtlán en Puebla, así como de algunas localidades adicionales descubiertas más recientemente en el centro de Veracruz. El hallazgo de G. lorancai en el estado de Oaxaca eleva la lista de la herpetofauna estatal a 481 especies al año 2022.

Abstract We report the first record of the snake Geophis lorancai for the Mexican state of Oaxaca. The species was previously known only from the type localities in the Sierra de Zongolica in Veracruz and the Sierra de Quimixtlán in Puebla, as well as from some additional recently-discovered localities in central Veracruz. The discovery of G. lorancai in Oaxaca brings the state herpetofaunal list up to 481 species as of 2022.

Resumen Este trabajo muestra la influencia de diferentes condiciones de tratamientos térmicos sobre el crecimiento de nanoestructuras de óxidos de cobre, las cuales se forman al someter una película de cobre de 388 ± 7 nm de espesor a una temperatura de 400 °C en atmósfera de aire. Las capas delgadas de cobre se crecieron sobre sustratos de silicio, mediante la técnica de evaporación térmica. Los parámetros involucrados en este estudio son: la condición inicial para la cual las muestras llegan a 400 °C, es decir, con rampa y sin rampa de calentamiento y el tiempo de recocido. Basándose en los resultados obtenidos por microscopía electrónica de barrido y difracción de rayos X, fue posible establecer que los tratamientos térmicos, generan un cambio tanto en la estructura cristalina como en la morfología de la capa de Cu, mediado por la formación de nanoestructuras de carácter mixto, conformadas por una mezcla de fases referentes a Cu metálico, Cuprita (Cu2O) y Tenorita (CuO), siendo el CuO la fase mayoritaria en todas las muestras nanoestructuradas. El tamaño de grano promedio se encuentra en un rango entre 21 - 53 nm y muestra una dependencia con el tipo de tratamiento térmico. Por otra parte, las propiedades ópticas del material fueron evaluadas por espectroscopia UV-VIS, evidenciando bandas de absorción en ambas regiones (ultravioleta y visible), las cuales fueron analizadas por el método de extrapolación de Tauc; obteniendo valores para la banda prohibida entre (1.40 - 1.47) eV, asociados a una conductividad tipo-P propia de esta clase de óxidos metálicos semiconductores.

Abstract This work shows the influence of different thermal treatment conditions on the growth of copper oxide nanostructures, which are formed by subjecting a 388 ± 7 nm thick copper film to a temperature of 400 °C in air atmosphere. Thin layers of copper were grown on silicon substrates, using thermal evaporation technique. The parameters involved in this study are: The initial condition for which the samples reach 400 °C, with ramp and without heating ramp and the annealing time. Based on the results obtained by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, it was possible to establish that thermal treatments generate a change in both the crystalline structure and the morphology of the Cu layer, mediated by the formation of nanostructures of mixed character, composed of a mixture of phases referring to Cu metallic, Cuprite (Cu2O) and Tenorite (CuO), the CuO being the majority phase in all nanostructured samples. The average grain size range is between 21 - 53 nm and depends on the type of heat treatment. Furthermore, the optical properties of the material were evaluated by UV-VIS spectroscopy, showing bands in both regions (ultraviolet and visible), which were analyzed by the Tauc extrapolation method; obtaining values for the band prohibited between (1.40 - 1.49) eV associated with a P-type conductivity of this class of semiconductor metal oxides.

ABSTRACT The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, published in 2009, was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report why the review was done, what the authors did, and what they found. Over the past decade, advances in systematic review methodology and terminology have necessitated an update to the guideline. The PRISMA 2020 statement replaces the 2009 statement and includes new reporting guidance that reflects advances in methods to identify, select, appraise, and synthesise studies. The structure and presentation of the items have been modified to facilitate implementation. In this article, we present the PRISMA 2020 27-item checklist, an expanded checklist that details reporting recommendations for each item, the PRISMA 2020 abstract checklist, and the revised flow diagrams for original and updated reviews.

RESUMO A declaração dos Principais Itens para Relatar Revisões Sistemáticas e Meta-análises (PRISMA), publicada em 2009, foi desenvolvida para ajudar revisores sistemáticos a relatar de forma transparente por que a revisão foi feita, os métodos empregados e o que os autores encontraram. Na última década, os avanços na metodologia e terminologia de revisões sistemáticas exigiram a atualização da diretriz. A declaração PRISMA 2020 substitui a declaração de 2009 e inclui novas orientações para relato que refletem os avanços nos métodos para identificar, selecionar, avaliar e sintetizar estudos. A estrutura e apresentação dos itens foram modificadas para facilitar a implementação. Neste artigo, apresentamos a lista de checagem PRISMA 2020 de 27 itens, uma lista de checagem expandida que detalha as recomendações para relato para cada item, a lista de checagem PRISMA 2020 para resumos e os fluxogramas revisados para novas revisões e para atualização de revisões.

RESUMEN La declaración PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses), publicada en 2009, se diseñó para ayudar a los autores de revisiones sistemáticas a documentar de manera transparente el porqué de la revisión, qué hicieron los autores y qué encontraron. Durante la última década, ha habido muchos avances en la metodología y terminología de las revisiones sistemáticas, lo que ha requerido una actualización de esta guía. La declaración PRISMA 2020 sustituye a la declaración de 2009 e incluye una nueva guía de presentación de las publicaciones que refleja los avances en los métodos para identificar, seleccionar, evaluar y sintetizar estudios. La estructura y la presentación de los ítems ha sido modificada para facilitar su implementación. En este artículo, presentamos la lista de verificación PRISMA 2020 con 27 ítems, y una lista de verificación ampliada que detalla las recomendaciones en la publicación de cada ítem, la lista de verificación del resumen estructurado PRISMA 2020 y el diagrama de flujo revisado para revisiones sistemáticas.

ABSTRACT Bat species present a series of attributes that makes them prone to being parasitized. Bat flies (Streblidae) are hematophagous ectoparasites exclusive to bats. Our study aimed to investigate the association of bat flies with the Common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus (É. Geoffroy, 1810), in Honduras. We analyzed the effect of sex and age of the host on parasitism. Eight localities belonging to six departments were sampled in an altitudinal range between 50 and 995 m. Field data were obtained between May 2018 to November 2019 and 80 individuals were captured, from which 395 bat flies were extracted. Four species of bat flies were registered: Strebla wiedemanni Kolenati, 1856, Trichobius parasiticus Gervais, 1844, T. joblingi Wenzel, 1966 and T. caecus Edwards, 1948. Trichobius parasiticus presented the highest prevalence and mean intensity, followed by S. wiedemanni. Trichobius joblingi and T. caecus are new records of parasitism on D. rotundus for Honduras, although we consider as an accidental association. We recorded six types of infracommunities that parasitized 85% of the hosts. The prevalence and mean intensity was not affected by age and sex of the host for any bat fly species.

The in situ δ-phase formation for a series of yttrium-doped Bi2O3 materials was studied by Raman spectroscopy and high resolution X-ray diffraction under variable temperature conditions. Contrary to previous reports, for dopant concentrations less than 25%, the cubic ô-phase was not fully stabilized at room temperature - tetragonal phase content was evident in both Raman spectra and powder diffractograms. Arrhenius plots also showed evidence of a phase transformation by the distinct large step change in conductivity in the temperature region where the tetragonal-cubic phase transformation was noted. Both the thermal expansion and ionic conductivity of the cubic phase decreased with increasing dopant content.

Abstract Background: The VI Brazilian Consensus on Autoantibodies against HEp-2 cells for determination of autoantibodies against cellular constituents on HEp-2 cells was held on September, 2019, in Fortaleza (CE, Brazil). The guidelines in this edition were formulated by the group of Brazilian experts discussing the classification of complex patterns, the classification of the nuclear discrete dots (few and multiple), the identification of the discrete fine speckled pattern (AC-4a) and improvements on the ANA report. Mainbody: Sixteen Brazilian researchers and experts from universities and clinical laboratories representing the various geographical regions of Brazil participated in the meeting. Four main topics were discussed: (1) How to classify patterns with fluorescence in more than one cell compartment considering three relevant categoris: composite patterns, mixed patterns and multiple patterns; (2) The splitting of the discrete nuclear dots pattern into the multiple discrete nuclear dots (AC-6) and few discrete nuclear dots (AC-7) patterns, respectively; (3) Inclusion of a novel nuclear pattern characterized by discrete fine speckled pattern highly associated with antibodies to SS-A/Ro60, classified as AC-4a. In addition, adjustments on the Brazilian Consensus nomenclature were implemented aiming to harmonize the designation of some patterns with the International Consensus on ANA Patterns (ICAP). Furthermore, the designations of the PCNA-like pattern (AC-13), CENP-F-like pattern (AC-14) and Topo I-like pattern (AC-29) were adjusted in accordance to ICAP. Finally, there was a recommendation for adjustment in the test report in order to address the status of nuclear envelope staining. For all topics, the aim was to establish specific guidelines for laboratories and clinicians. All recommendations were based on consensus among participants. All recommendations from the V Consensus were maintained and there was relevant progress in the BCA/HEp-2 guidelines and further harmonization with ICAP. Conclusion: The VI BCA/HEp-2 edition was successful in establishing important recommendations regarding the classification of complex patterns, in supporting the identification of a novel pattern within the AC-4 group and in the harmonization process with the ICAP terminology.

Resumen En este artículo se hace una evaluación de los impactos ambientales que se podrían derivar del uso de huecos mineros como rellenos sanitarios de RCD en canteras del distrito de Barranquilla, aplicando adecuadamente la "Guía para la rehabilitación de huecos mineros con residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD)" del Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica de España. Esta ha sido implementada exitosamente en España. Por objetivos afines en la gestión de RCD y similitudes entre canteras españolas y colombianas, se presume que podría ser adaptada en Barranquilla como ciudad representativa de Colombia. Se elaboró un Scoping como aproximación a los efectos e impactos ambientales y se utilizaron una matriz de Leopold modificada y el método EPM para la evaluación. El proyecto resultó ambientalmente viable. Los impactos positivos más significativos son: mejoramiento de condiciones fisicoquímicas y propiedades mecánicas del suelo y formalización en la disposición de RCD. Los impactos negativos más preponderantes son: afectaciones a la calidad del aire y posible contaminación de cuerpos de agua. Este artículo, junto con la Guía referida al principio, deben servir como soporte para entidades ambientales competentes responsables de tomar medidas legales y técnicas sobre la disposición de RCD en el distrito.

Abstract This article makes an evaluation of the environmental impacts that could be derived from the use of mining holes as sanitary landfills of C&D in quarries of the district of Barranquilla, properly applying the "Guide for the Rehabilitation of Mining Holes with Construction and Demolition waste (C&D)" from the Ministry for Ecological Transition of Spain. This has been successfully implemented in Spain. Due to similar objectives in the management of C&D, and similarities between Spanish and Colombian quarries, it is presumed that it could be adapted in Barranquilla as a representative city of Colombia. An scoping as an approximation to the environmental effects and impacts was developed, and a modified Leopold matrix and the EPM method were used for the evaluation. The project was environmentally viable. The most significant positive impacts are the improvement of physical chemical conditions and mechanical properties of the soil, and formalization in C&D disposition. The most prevalent negative impacts are the effects on air quality and possible contamination of bodies of water. This article, and the Guide referred to at the beginning, should serve as support for competent environmental entities responsible for taking legal and technical measures on the disposition of C&D in the district.